基于马尔科夫专家场的泊松噪声图像去噪方法

提出一种基于贝叶斯概率模型的泊松噪声图像去噪方法. 该方法基于贝叶斯最大后验概率模型框架,结合泊松概率分布,构建图像去噪模型. 考虑到马尔科夫随机场不能对复杂自然图像有效表征,引入高阶的马尔科夫专家场作为模型先验正则项,以表征图像自身概率分布. 利用二次惩罚函数,优化求解去噪模型,还原清晰图像. 将所提方法与其他去噪算法进行仿真实验对比,并采用峰值信噪比和结构相似性2种评价指标对去噪效果进行客观评价. 实验结果表明：与传统去噪方法相比,该方法的峰值信噪比至少提升了0.18 dB,去噪性能显著优于其他方法,能更好地保留图像的细节信息.     

直接力气动力导弹复合鲁棒控制系统设计

以大气层内防空导弹短周期小扰动运动为数学模型,应用复合控制双通道设计方案,解决通道耦合问题;为使模型扰动误差在可控范围内,内闭环采用线性二次最优控制;为提高系统鲁棒性能,外闭环采用乘型不确定型混合灵敏度鲁棒控制;结合寻的制导方式提出了直接力环节开机控制策略;最后仿真说明了该系统具有一定解耦能力和鲁棒性,能够有效减小动态...     

二次通用旋转组合设计优化盾叶薯蓣黄色素超声提取工艺

采用超声波辅助二元混合溶剂对黄姜黄色素的提取工艺过程进行研究,在考察了溶剂配比、料液比、提取时间、超声功率的单因素实验基础上,对这4个因素进行L31(45)的二次通用旋转组合设计优化实验。以黄色素提取率为目标建立数学回归模型,通过对实验结果进行方差分析及对数学模型进行优化得到优化工艺条件:丙酮∶无水乙醇为1∶5(体积比),料液质量体积比1∶11 g/m L,提取时间70 min,超声功率90 W。在此条件下,黄色素的提取率为0.160 4‰。该提取工艺稳定,可为黄姜黄色素超声提取放大工艺研究以及资源化利用提供理论参考。     

Comparison of calibration curve fitting methods in the determination of H2S mass fractions in natural gas by GC-SCD

This paper discusses metrologically the best practice regarding the calibration curves applied to H₂S mass fractions determination in natural gas by gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC-SCD). Three calibration curves were constructed by performing GC-SCD analysis of different H₂S gas standard concentrations (from 3 mg kg^?1 up to 500 mg kg^?1). These experimental curves are better fitted by an unweighted quadratic calibration curve considering ANOVA approach compared to ASTM D5504-12. Despite this, the obtained results show that these two different calibration curve approaches (ASTM and ANOVA) lead to comparable results. Hence, there are no significant statistical differences between these two approaches based on the hypothesis test applied. However, the quadratic calibration curve presents measurement uncertainties of H₂S mass fractions much lower than the ASTM approach.     

Optimal placement of metallic dampers for seismic upgrading of multistory buildings based on a cost‐effectiveness criterion using genetic algorithm

In this paper, an optimal placement methodology for metallic dampers is proposed to upgrade the seismic performance of multistory buildings. Most previous studies on optimal damper placement (ODP) problems have been focused on minimizing the seismic responses, whereas the present study aims to utilize the minimum total cost of dampers to achieve a prescribed level of seismic response. To this end, the optimization objective is constructed based on a cost‐effectiveness criterion, and the optimization constraint is defined based on a desired level of seismic response. An improved integer‐coded genetic algorithm is presented for solving the ODP problem. A 16‐story shear building is illustrated to verify the proposed optimal placement methodology. It is shown that the proposed methodology can be used to achieve the predetermined performance level while minimizing the retrofitting cost. Moreover, different algorithms, objective functions, and levels of accuracy on the optimization are also compared. Finally, a two‐step optimization approach is proposed for achieving better placement schemes with less computational efforts.     

基于二次回归法的充气锚杆锚固特性影响因素分析

为了明确影响充气锚杆锚固特性的因素及因素间的交互影响,采用二次正交回归组合设计法,以抗拔承载力和位移作为评价指标,对充气锚杆埋深、气囊压力、土层含水率进行试验,并用响应面法进一步验证。结果表明:对充气锚杆极限抗拔承载力和极限位移产生影响的因素中,埋深的影响最大,但非越深越好,原因在于土压力过大时,形成的气囊较小,从而影响锚固效果;充气压力的影响次之,总体上随着充气压力的增大而增大;土体含水率的影响最小,通过对数据的分析,可以得出含水率的增加,会降低充气锚杆的锚固作用,但数据差异小,所以含水率起次要作用;埋深和充气压力的交互作用最为显著,充气压力与含水率组大于埋深与充气压力组产生的交互作用。     

基于改进遗传算法的TMD阻尼器的优化布置

调谐质量阻尼器被广泛应用于高耸结构振动控制。为了提高阻尼器的减振效果,基于安全性要求,建立等效二次型性能指标;通过改进遗传算法,求得TMD阻尼器的最佳安装位置,从而提高TMD减振系统的减振效果。最后通过仿真实验验证优化的意义,并得出一些结论:对于塔筒结构减振控制,不仅要针对低阶振型进行控制,高阶振型的扭转振动也不容忽视。     

电弧热丝变极性等离子弧增材制造成型尺寸预测

电弧热丝变极性等离子弧(arcing-VPPA)对传热与传质的可靠控制使其在电弧增材制造方面拥有独特的优点。针对单道多层铝合金堆砌试样,利用二次通用旋转组合方法针对性地设计了单壁墙试验样本,通过多次回归方程建立了单壁墙成型尺寸与工艺参数之间关系的数学模型。结果表明,模型能够较好地预测单壁墙的熔敷尺寸,真实值与拟合值基本一致。同时发现,等离子电流、行走速度、送丝速度对层高的影响较为明显,且等离子电流与焊接速度对层高的影响存在交互作用;而对熔宽影响较明显的是等离子电流、变极性脉冲MIG电流以及焊接速度。同时分析了增材成型熔宽尺寸稳定性控制策略,发现等离子电流以等差数列排序的控制方案在增材宽度的稳定性控制上具有明显优势。     

机械扩孔二次注浆锚索技术在边坡治理中的工程实践

通过工程实例,介绍机械扩孔二次注浆锚索技术。该技术具有锚索锚固段短、锚索承载力高、可降低造价等优点。     

Optimal capacitor placement for enhancing voltage stability in distribution systems using analytical algorithm and Fuzzy-Real Coded GA

Two algorithms for optimal capacitor placement, with a view to enhance voltage stability are introduced. In the analytical algorithm the nodes, whose voltage stability index values are lower than a threshold value, are ranked in ascending order as the candidate nodes for compensation. The additional reactive power compensation to be provided at a node is obtained by solving linearized VSI formula. The maximum compensation at each node is limited to the initial reactive power delivered by the respective node prior to compensation for avoiding over-dimensioning of the capacitor banks. However, capacitor placement based on voltage stability index has proven less than satisfactory and not always indicated the appropriate placement.As an alternative a fuzzy expert system is used for extracting suitability of capacitor location from power loss reduction index and improving the voltage profile within voltage constraints. A combination of fuzzy expert system for capacitor placement and real coded GA for capacitor sizing, with a view to enhance voltage stability is proposed for optimal capacitor placement. The result is enhancement of the overall system stability index and potential achievement of maximum net money savings due to power and energy loss reduction vs. expenditure in capacitors.The overall accuracy and reliability of the proposed Fuzzy-Real Coded GA algorithm has been validated and tested on 33-node radial distribution system. Comparison of obtained results with those in recent publications showed that the Fuzzy-Real Coded GA algorithm is capable of producing high-quality solutions with good performance of convergence, and demonstrated viability.